IM-2 Nova-C Athena lander

Athena, Intuitive Machines' Nova-C lander, targeted Mons Mouton near the lunar South Pole carrying NASA's PRIME-1 ice-prospecting suite - built around the TRIDENT drill and MSolo mass spectrometer. It touched down on 6 March 2025 closer to the South Pole than any prior lander, but an altimeter failure during descent left it lying on its side; operations ended within 13 hours with PRIME-1 unable to drill.

Two other payloads were lost independently of Athena's landing: AstroForge's Odin asteroid-prospecting probe lost contact after deployment and never departed for near-Earth asteroid 2022 OB5, and NASA's Lunar Trailblazer water-mapping orbiter was lost after separation.