NVS-01

NVS-01 is the first of ISRO's second-generation NavIC navigation satellites, designated as a replacement for IRNSS-1G, whose three onboard atomic clocks had all failed in orbit - the same failure mode that afflicted multiple first-generation IRNSS satellites and ultimately drove ISRO to develop indigenous clock technology.

The satellite carries the first Indian-built atomic clock to fly on a navigation satellite, ending dependence on imported Swiss units. It also adds an L1-band signal for the first time, enabling compatibility with GPS, Galileo, and other global navigation systems.