Volna

Russian submarine-launched SLBM-derived satellite rocket

A converted R-29R submarine-launched missile operated by the Russian Navy as a commercial launcher. Its best-known flight, in June 2005, carried the Planetary Society's Cosmos 1 solar sail — but the rocket failed shortly after launch and the spacecraft never reached orbit. Three of its five flights failed.

Service1995–2005

19952005

1995first flight2005last flight

launches: 5
success · 2/5: 40%

Full launch history


Oct 6, 200500:00:00 UTC	IRDT-2R Russia • Volna	-	Volna	Success
Jun 21, 200519:46:09 UTCFailure	Cosmos 1 Russia • Volna	-	Volna	Failure
Jul 12, 200200:00:00 UTCFailure	IRDT-2 Russia • Volna	-	Volna	Failure
Jul 20, 200100:00:00 UTCPartial failure	Cosmos 1 solar sail Russia • Volna	-	Volna	partial failure
Jun 6, 199500:00:00 UTC	Scientific experiment Russia • Volna	-	Volna	Success